A trocar is a surgical instrument used in laparoscopic (minimally invasive) surgery to create access ports into the abdominal cavity. It allows the surgeon to insert instruments such as graspers, scissors, cameras, and energy devices.

Main Components

A typical reusable laparoscopic trocar has:

1. Cannula (Tube)

   • Stays inside the incision.

   • Provides a channel for instruments.

2. Obturator (Sharp or Blunt Tip)

   • Used to penetrate the abdominal wall.

   • Removed after entry.

3. Valve System

   • Prevents gas leakage during insufflation (CO₂).

4. Seal/Caps

   • Maintain airtight environment while inserting instruments.